суббота, 30 июля 2011 г.

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100 words to Impress a Native Speaker of English ( for vocabruary test)


aberration
(n.) something that differs from the norm (In 1974, Poland won the World Cup, but the success turned out to be an aberration, and Poland have not won a World Cup since). 
abhor
(v.) to hate, detest (Because he always wound up getting hit in the head when he tried to play cricket, Marcin began to abhor the sport). -  питать отвращение.
acquiesce
(v.) to agree without protesting (Though Mr. Pospieszny wanted to stay outside and work in his garage, when his wife told him that he had better come in to dinner, he acquiesced to her demands.) - покорное согласие.
alacrity
(n.) eagerness, speed (For some reason, Simon loved to help his girlfriend whenever he could, so when his girlfriend asked him to set the table he did so with alacrity.) - рвение
amiable
(adj.) friendly (An amiable fellow, Neil got along with just about everyone.) - любезный
appease
(v.) to calm, satisfy (When Jerry cries, his mother gives him chocolate to appeasehim.) умиротворять
arcane
(adj.) obscure, secret, known only by a few (The professor is an expert in arcaneKashubian literature.)
avarice
(n.) excessive greed (The banker’s avarice led him to amass an enormous personal fortune.) -алчность
brazen
(adj.) excessively bold, brash, clear and obvious (Critics condemned the writer’sbrazen attempt to plagiarise Frankow-Czerwonko’s work.)- нагло отрицать, наглый
brusque
(adj.) short, abrupt, dismissive (Simon’s brusque manner sometimes offends his colleagues.) - бесцеремонный
cajole 
(v.) to urge, coax (Magda's friends cajoled her into drinking too much.) - задабривать, умасливать, обхаживать
callous
(adj.) harsh, cold, unfeeling (The murderer’s callous lack of remorse shocked the jury.) - бездушный, очерствевший 
candor
(n.) honesty, frankness (We were surprised by the candor of the politician’s speech because she is usually rather evasive.)  прямота, открытость, открытость.
chide
(v.) to voice disapproval (Hania chided Gregory for his vulgar habits and sloppy appearance.) бранить, журить
circumspect
(adj.) cautious (Though I promised Marta’s father I would bring her home promptly by midnight, it would have been more circumspect not to have specified a time.) предосторожный, осмотрительный
clandestine
(adj.) secret (Announcing to her boyfriend that she was going to the library, Maria actually went to meet George for a clandestine liaison.) нелегальный, тайный
coerce
(v.) to make somebody do something by force or threat (The court decided that David Beckham did not have to honor the contract because he had been coercedinto signing it.) принуждать
coherent
(adj.) logically consistent, intelligible (William could not figure out what Harold had seen because he was too distraught to deliver a coherent statement.) последовательный
complacency
(n.) self-satisfied ignorance of danger (Simon tried to shock his friends out of theircomplacency by painting a frightening picture of what might happen to them.) - самодовольство, благодушие
confidant
(n.) a person entrusted with secrets (Shortly after we met, he became my chiefconfidant.)
connive
(v.) to plot, scheme (She connived to get me to give up my plans to start up a new business.) - потворствовать (?)
cumulative
(adj.) increasing, building upon itself (The cumulative effect of hours spent using the World English website was a vast improvement in his vocabulary and general level of English.)
debase
(v.) to lower the quality or esteem of something (The large raise that he gave himself debased his motives for running the charity.) - принижать
decry
(v.) to criticize openly (Andrzej Lepper, the leader of the Polish Self Defence partydecried the appaling state of Polish roads.) - порицать
deferential
(adj.) showing respect for another’s authority (Donata is always excessivelydeferential to any kind of authority figure.)
demure
(adj.) quiet, modest, reserved (Though everyone else at the party was dancing and going crazy, she remained demure.) - скромный сдержанный
deride
(v.) to laugh at mockingly, scorn (The native speaker often derided the other teacher’s accent.) - высмеивать
despot
(n.) one who has total power and rules brutally (The despot issued a death sentence for anyone who disobeyed his laws.)
diligent
(adj.) showing care in doing one’s work (The diligent researcher made sure to double check her measurements.) - прилежный
elated
(adj.) overjoyed, thrilled (When he found out he had won the lottery, the postman was elated.) - приподнятое настроение
eloquent
(adj.) expressive, articulate, moving (The best man gave such an eloquent speech that most guests were crying.) - красноречивый, выразительный
embezzle
(v.) to steal money by falsifying records (The accountant was fired for embezzling€10,000 of the company’s funds.) - присваивать, расхищать
empathy
(n.) sensitivity to another’s feelings as if they were one’s own (I feel suchempathy for my dog when she’s upset so am I!)
enmity
(n.) ill will, hatred, hostility (John and Scott have clearly not forgiven each other, because the enmity between them is obvious to anyone in their presence.) - вражда
erudite
(adj.) learned (My English teacher is such an erudite scholar that he has translated some of the most difficult and abstruse Old English poetry.) эрудированный
extol
(v.) to praise, revere (Kamila extolled the virtues of a vegetarian diet to her meat-loving boyfriend.) - привозносить
fabricate
(v.) to make up, invent (When I arrived an hour late to class, I fabricated some excuse about my car breaking down on the way to work.)
feral
(adj.) wild, savage (That beast looks so feral that I would fear being alone with it.) - дикий, не прирученный, не цивилизованный
flabbergasted
(adj.) astounded (Whenever I read an Agatha Christie mystery novel, I am alwaysflabbergasted when I learn the identity of the murderer.) - ошеломленный
forsake
(v.) to give up, renounce (I won't forsake my conservative principles.) покидать, сдавать позиции
fractious
(adj.) troublesome or irritable (Although the child insisted he wasn’t tired, hisfractious behaviour - especially his decision to crush his jam sandwiches all over the floor - convinced everyone present that it was time to put him to bed.) - капризный
furtive
(adj.) secretive, sly (Claudia’s placement of her drugs in her sock drawer was not as furtive as she thought, as the sock drawer is the first place most parents look.) - хитрый скрытный вороватый
gluttony
(n.) overindulgence in food or drink (Helen’s fried chicken tastes so divine, I don’t know how anyone can call gluttony a sin.) - обжорство, чревоугодие
gratuitous
(adj.) uncalled for, unwarranted (Every evening the guy at the fish and chip shop gives me a gratuitous helping of vinegar.) безвозмездный, даровой, бесплатный
haughty
(adj.) disdainfully proud (The superstar’s haughty dismissal of her co-stars will backfire on her someday.) - надменный
hypocrisy
(n.) pretending to believe what one does not (Once the politician began passing legislation that contradicted his campaign promises, his hypocrisy became apparent.) лицемерие
impeccable
(adj.) exemplary, flawless (If your grades were as impeccable as your brother’s, then you too would receive a car for a graduation present.) - безупречный
impertinent
(adj.) rude, insolent (Most of your comments are so impertinent that I don’t wish to dignify them with an answer.) -дерзкий, наглый
implacable
(adj.) incapable of being appeased or mitigated (Watch out: once you shun Grandmother’s cooking, she is totally implacable.) -непримиримый
impudent
(adj.) casually rude, insolent, impertinent (The impudent young woman looked her teacher up and down and told him he was hot.) нахальный, дерзкий
incisive
(adj.) clear, sharp, direct (The discussion wasn’t going anywhere until her incisivecomment allowed everyone to see what the true issues were.) прямой, язвительный
indolent
(adj.) lazy (Why should my indolent children, who can’t even pick themselves up off the sofa to pour their own juice, be rewarded with a trip to Burger King?)
inept
(adj.) not suitable or capable, unqualified (She proved how inept she was when she forgot two orders and spilled a pint of cider in a customer’s lap.)- неподходящий, неуместный, глупый
infamy
(n.) notoriety, extreme ill repute (The infamy of his crime will not lessen as time passes.)
inhibit
(v.) to prevent, restrain, stop (When I told you I needed the car last night, I certainly never meant to inhibit you from going out.)
innate
(adj.) inborn, native, inherent (His incredible athletic talent is innate, he never trains, lifts weights, or practices.)
insatiable
(adj.) incapable of being satisfied (My insatiable appetite for blondes was a real problem on my recent holiday in Japan!) -  ненасытный
insular
(adj.) separated and narrow-minded; tight-knit, closed off (Because of the sensitive nature of their jobs, those who work for MI5 must remain insular and generally only spend time with each other.) - отделенный замкнутый
intrepid
(adj.) brave in the face of danger (After scaling a live volcano prior to its eruption, the explorer was praised for his intrepid attitude.) - отважный, бесстрашный
inveterate
(adj.) stubbornly established by habit (I’m the first to admit that I’m an inveteratecider drinker—I drink four pints a day.)  - заядлый
jubilant 
(adj.) extremely joyful, happy (The crowd was jubilant when the firefighter carried the woman from the flaming building.)  - ликующий
knell
(n.) the solemn sound of a bell, often indicating a death (Echoing throughout our village, the funeral knell made the grey day even more grim.) - похоронный звон, дурное предзнаменование
lithe
(adj.) graceful, flexible, supple (Although the dancers were all outstanding, Joanna’s control of her lithe body was particularly impressive.) - гибкий
lurid
(adj.) ghastly, sensational (Barry’s story, in which he described a character torturing his neighbour's tortoise, was judged too lurid to be published on the English Library's website.) - сенсационный, мертвенно бледный
maverick 
(n.) an independent, nonconformist person (John is a real maverick and always does things his own way.)
maxim
(n.) a common saying expressing a principle of conduct (Ms. Stone’s etiquettemaxims are both entertaining and instructional.)
meticulous
(adj.) extremely careful with details (The ornate needlework in the bride’s gown was a product of meticulous handiwork.)
modicum
(n.) a small amount of something (Refusing to display even a modicum of sensitivity, Magda announced her boss’s affair to the entire office.) - чуточку
morose
(adj.) gloomy or sullen (David’s morose nature made him very unpleasant to talk to.)
myriad
(adj.) consisting of a very great number (It was difficult to decide what to do on Saturday night because the city presented us with myriad possibilities for fun.)
nadir
(n.) the lowest point of something (My day was boring, but the nadir came when my new car was stolen.)
nominal
(adj.) trifling, insignificant (Because he was moving the following week and needed to get rid of his furniture more than he needed money, Kim sold everything for a nominal price.)
novice
(n.) a beginner, someone without training or experience (Because we were allnovices at archery, our instructor decided to begin with the basics
nuance
(n.) a slight variation in meaning, tone, expression (The nuances of the poem were not obvious to the casual reader, but the teacher was able to point them out.)
oblivious
(adj.) lacking consciousness or awareness of something (Oblivious to the burning smell emanating from the kitchen, my father did not notice that the rolls in the oven were burned until much too late.) - забывчивый, невнимательный
obsequious
(adj.) excessively compliant or submissive (Donald acted like Susan’s servant, obeying her every request in an obsequious manner.) угодливый
obtuse 
(adj.) lacking quickness of sensibility or intellect (Political opponents warned that the prime minister’s obtuse approach to foreign policy would embroil the nation in mindless war.) - тупой, притупленный
panacea
(n.) a remedy for all ills or difficulties (Doctors wish there was a single panaceafor every disease, but sadly there is not.)
parody
(n.) a satirical imitation (A hush fell over the classroom when the teacher returned to find Magdalena acting out a parody of his teaching style.)
penchant
(n.) a tendency, partiality, preference (Fiona’s dinner parties quickly became monotonous on account of her penchant for Indian dishes.) - склонность
perusal
(n.) a careful examination, review (The actor agreed to accept the role after a three-month perusal of the movie script.) - внимательное чтение
plethora
(n.) an abundance, excess (The wedding banquet included a plethora of oysters piled almost three feet high.)
predilection
(n.) a preference or inclination for something (James has a predilection for eating toad in the whole with tomato ketchup.) - склонность
quaint
(adj.) charmingly old-fashioned (Mary was delighted by the quaint bonnets she saw in Romania.) - причудливый
rash
(adj.) hasty, incautious (It’s best to think things over calmly and thoroughly, rather than make rash decisions.)
refurbish
(v.) to restore, clean up (After being refurbished the old Triumph motorcycle commanded the handsome price of $6000.)
repudiate
(v.) to reject, refuse to accept (Tom made a strong case for an extension of his curfew, but his mother repudiated it with a few biting words.) - отрекаться
rife
(adj.) abundant (Surprisingly, the teacher’s writing was rife with spelling errors.) - распространенный, изобилующий
salient
(adj.) significant, conspicuous (One of the salient differences between Alison and Helen is that Alison is a couple of kilos heavier.) - бросающийся в глаза
serendipity
(n.) luck, finding good things without looking for them (In an amazing bit ofserendipity, penniless Mark found a $50 bill on the back seat of the bus.)
staid
(adj.) sedate, serious, self-restrained (The staid butler never changed his expression no matter what happened.) - степенный
superfluous
(adj.) exceeding what is necessary (Samantha had already won the campaign so her constant flattery of others was superfluous.) - избыточный
sycophant
(n.) one who flatters for self-gain (Some see the people in the cabinet as the Prime Minister’s closest advisors, but others see them as sycophants.) - подхалим, лизоблюд
taciturn
(adj.) not inclined to talk (Though Magda never seems to stop talking, her brother is quite taciturn.) - молчаливый
truculent
(adj.) ready to fight, cruel (This club doesn’t really attract the dangerous types, so why was that bouncer being so truculent?) -   свирепый, агрессивный
umbrage
(n.) resentment, offence (He called me a lily-livered coward, and I took umbrageat the insult.) - обида
venerable
(adj.) deserving of respect because of age or achievement (The venerable High Court judge had made several key rulings in landmark cases throughout the years.) маститы, почтенныйй
vex
(v.) to confuse or annoy (My boyfriend vexes me by pinching my bottom for hours on end.) - досаждать
vociferous
(adj.) loud, boisterous (I’m tired of his vociferous whining so I’m breaking up with him.) - громогласный
wanton
(adj.) undisciplined, lewd, lustful (Joanna’s wanton demeanor often made the frat guys next door very excited.) - распутный
zenith 
(n.) the highest point, culminating point (I was too nice to tell Emily that she had reached the absolute zenith of her career with that one top 10 hit of hers.)


Animal-related words that are used metaphorically

pavonine - vain showy,resembling a peacock

hircine-Of or relating to a goat, having a strong odor,lustful; lewd. 

porcine-Of or related to swine. Piggish: greedy; sloppy; boorish


anserine-Of or relating to a goose.Stupid; silly.


bovine-Of or relating to cattle, especially a cow.Dull; sluggish; stupid. 

пятница, 29 июля 2011 г.


  • gullible
  • \GULL-uh-bul\
  • DEFINITION
adjective
: easily duped or cheated





aureate

   \AWR-ee-it\ , adjective;
1.
Characterized by an ornate style of writing or speaking.
2.
Golden or gilded.
3.
Brilliant; splendid.


четверг, 28 июля 2011 г.

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Study Reveals That Over Half Of Alzheimer's Cases May Be Preventable

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Diabetes drug may prevent or delay development of polycystic ovary syndrome, the most common cause of infertility in women

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